An 85-year-old man is being evaluated for gait difficulties. On examina-
tion it is found that joint proprioception is absent in his toes. People with
impaired position sense will usually fall if they stand with their feet together
and do which of the following?
a. Flex the neck
b. Extend their arms in front of them
c. Flex the knees
d. Turn the head
e. Close their eyes
